He has striven to do what no man ever did well and what, from the nature of the language itself, never can be well done. Unless, for example, we shall come to have an influx of spondees in our English tongue, it will always be impossible to construct an English hexameter. Our spondees, or, we should say, our spondaic words, are rare. In the Swedish they are nearly as abundant as in the Latin and Greek. We have only ‘compound’, ‘context’, ‘footfall’, and a few other similar ones. Longfellow’s Evangeline might be considered a more successful attempt to write English dactylic hexameter in the classical style:This is the forest primeval. The murmuring pines and the hemlocks. Poe and modern English metrists might prefer that last foot ‘hemlocks’ not be called a classical spondee but a trochee. Those last two feet, incidentally, dactyl-spondee, or more commonly dactyl-trochee, are often found as a closing rhythm known as an Adonic Line (after Sappho’s lament to Adonis: ‘O ton Adonin!’ ‘Oh, for Adonis!’)
Greek pioneers in philology and grammar.CR, 47, 1933, pp. 105-112. Fourquet, J. Les mutations consonantiques du Germanique, Paris, 1948. Frake, C. O. The diagnosis of disease among the Subanun.AmA, 63, 1961, pp. 113132. (Ïåðåïå÷àòàíî â: Hymes, Language in Culture.) Frege, G. Œber Sinn und Bedeutung (1892). (Àíãë. ïåðåâ.: «On sense and r™f™rence».In: Peter Geàñh and Max Black, Translations from the Philosophical Writings of Gottlob Frege, Oxford, 1952.) Fries, Ñ. Ñ. The Structure of English: An Introduction to the Construction of English Sentences, New York: Harcourt Brace, 1952; London: Longmans, 1957. (Ññûëêè äàþòñÿ ïî àíãëèéñêîìó èçäàíèþ.) Fries, Ñ Ñ. Meaning and linguistic analysis.Lg., 30, 1954, pp. 5768. [Ðóññê. ïåðåâ.: ×. Ôðèç, Çíà÷åíèå è ëèíãâèñòè÷åñêèé àíàëèç. «Íîâîå â ëèíãâèñòèêå», âûï. II, M., 1962.] Fudge, Å. Ñ. The nature of phonological primes.JL, 3, 1967, pp. 136. Gabelentz, Georg von der. Die Sprachwissenschaft, Leipzig, 1891. Geàñh, Peter T. Reference and Generality: An Examination of Some Medieval and Modern Theories, Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1962. Ghizzetti, Aldo (ed.)
So how did this city become a state and, indeed, a forerunner of the modern state? It is a perplexing question, related to complex rituals of self-awareness and communal self-respect. It emerged together with a well-supervised system of public finance, sustained by such mechanisms as credit and bills of exchange. Some of the first banks in the world were located in Venice. The first public loans were issued in that city in 1167. The Banco del Giro was established in 1619. A state cannot survive without internal stability, governed by law. The Venetians were always proud of the nature of their justice, however flawed its administration might become. Yet the law behind all laws was, in the words of one English ambassador at the beginning of the seventeenth century, Á€œreason of state.Á€« The state was eternal. The state was the source of all morality. It had an almost Byzantine rigour and prestige. But there are more practical matters to consider. A state needs a broadly defined elite that will exercise power in the apparent interest of all
![]() Íåîáû÷íàÿ ðó÷êà â âèäå øïðèöà. Ñîñòîèò èç ïëàñòèêîâîãî êîðïóñà ñ íàíåñåíèåì ìåðíîé øêàëû. Âíóòðè íàõîäèòñÿ æèäêîñòü æåëòîãî öâåòà, 31 ðóá Ðàçäåë: Îðèãèíàëüíûå ðó÷êè ![]() Èçãîòîâëåíû èç âëàãîñòîéêîãî è ãðÿçåñòîéêîãî ìàòåðèàëà, ñîõðàíÿþùåãî ñâîè ñâîéñòâà â ëþáûõ ïîãîäíûõ óñëîâèÿõ. Ëåãêîñòü êðåïëåíèÿ ïîçâîëÿåò 66 ðóá Ðàçäåë: Ïðî÷åå ![]() Ìûëî äëÿ ðóê «Ëèêâèäàòîð» óíè÷òîæàåò ñòîéêèå è òðóäíî âûâîäèìûå çàïàõè çà ñ÷¸ò îñîáîé ðåàêöèè ìåòàëëà ñ âûçûâàþùèìè èõ ýëåìåíòàìè. 197 ðóá Ðàçäåë: Âàííàÿ
LEC URES I CO RAS IVE LEXICOLOGY OF HE E GLISH A D UKRAI IA LA GUAGES .O. Mizi Kyiv - 2005 Ìèçèí Ò.Î. Êóðñ ëåêö³é ç ïîð³âíÿëüíî¿ ëåêñèêîëî㳿 àíãë³éñüêî¿ òà óêðà¿íñüêî¿ ìîâ. Íàâ÷àëüíèé ïîñ³áíèê äëÿ ñòóäåíò³â III êóðñó ôàêóëüòåòó ë³íãâ³ñòèêè. – Êè¿â, 2005. – ñ. Ðåöåíçåíòè: êàíäèäàò ô³ëîëîã³÷íèõ íàóê, äîöåíò Ò.À. Ìèðîí÷óê (̳æíàðîäíà Àêàäåì³ÿ óïðàâë³ííÿ ïåðñîíàëîì); êàíäèäàò ô³ëîëîã³÷íèõ íàóê, äîöåíò ².Â. Ò³ìåíêî (Êè¿âñüêèé ì³æíàðîäíèé óí³âåðñèòåò) Äàíèé ïîñ³áíèê âêëþ÷ຠëåêö³¿, ÿê³ îõîïëþþòü ïðîãðàìó êóðñó ïîð³âíÿëüíî¿ ëåêñèêîëî㳿 àíãë³éñüêî¿ òà óêðà¿íñüêî¿ ìîâ. Ðîçãëÿäàþòüñÿ ïèòàííÿ òåî𳿠ñëîâà òà ñëîâîòâîðó, ñåìàíòè÷íî¿ ñòðóêòóðè ñëîâà, ôðàçåîëî㳿 àíãë³éñüêî¿ òà óêðà¿íñüêî¿ ìîâ, åòèìîëî㳿, çàãàëüíî¿ õàðàêòåðèñòèêè âîêàáóëÿðó. Ïîñ³áíèê ðîçðàõîâàíèé íà ñòóäåíò³â III êóðñó ôàêóëüòåòó ë³íãâ³ñòèêè. Äðóêóºòüñÿ çà ð³øåííÿì Â÷åíî¿ Ðàäè Êè¿âñüêîãî ì³æíàðîäíîãî óí³âåðñèòåòó. PREFACE Lec ures i Co ras ive Lexicology of he E glish a d Ukrai ia La guages are i e ded for s ude s of E glish a u iversi ies. Lec ures are devo ed o he followi g opics: he Morphological a d Sema ic S ruc ures of Words; Sy o yms. A o yms. Homo yms; Word Combi a io s a d Phraseology i Moder E glish a d Ukrai ia La guages; he E ymology of E glish a d Ukrai ia Words; Ge eral Charac eris ics of he Vocabulary. he aim of he lec ures is o lead he s ude s o a deeper u ders a di g of he Moder E glish a d Ukrai ia lexical sys ems. he lis of bibliographical refere ces will serve as a guide o hose who would like o a ai a more comple e view of he opics discussed.
 îáëàñòè ñëîâàðíîãî ñîñòàâà àíãëèéñêèé ÿçûê ïðåòåðïåë íà ïðîòÿæåíèè áîëåå ÷åì òûñÿ÷åëåòíåé ñâîåé èñòîðèè âåñüìà çíà÷èòåëüíûå èçìåíåíèÿ – áîëåå çíà÷èòåëüíûå, ÷åì, íàïðèìåð, íåìåöêèé èëè ôðàíöóçñêèÿ ÿçûê. Ñëîâàðíûé ñîñòàâ ñîâðåìåííîãî àíãëèéñêîãî ÿçûêà, íåñîìíåííî, çíà÷èòåëüíî áîãà÷å, ÷åì ñëîâàðíûé ñîñòàâ äðåâíåàíãëèéñêîãî ÿçûêà. Ýòî îáîãàùåíèå øëî â àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå êàê çà ñ÷åò âíóòðåííèõ ðåñóðñîâ – ñëîâîñëîæåíèÿ, àôôèêñàöèè è ïåðåîñìûñëåíèÿ ñëîâ, òàê è çà ñ÷åò çàèìñòâîâàíèÿ ñëîâ èç äðóãèõ ÿçûêîâ, êîòîðîå â àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå â ñèëó ñïåöèôè÷åñêèõ óñëîâèé èñòîðè÷åñêîé æèçíè àíãëèéñêîãî íàðîäà, èãðàëî áîëåå çíà÷èòåëüíóþ ðîëü, ÷åì, íàïðèìåð, â íåìåöêîì ÿçûêå. Íà ñîñòàâå ñëîâàðÿ àíãëèéñêîãî ÿçûêà îòðàçèëèñü ïðèíÿòèå õðèñòèàíñòâà, ñòîëêíóâøåå àíãëè÷àí ñ ëàòèíñêîé öèâèëèçàöèåé, ñêàíäèíàâñêîå è íîðìàíäñêîå çàâîåâàíèÿ (ïîñëå êîòîðûõ àíãëèéñêèé ÿçûê óòðàòèë íåêîòîðóþ ÷àñòü ñâîåãî èñêîííîãî ñëîâàðíîãî ñîñòàâà, âêëþ÷àÿ è ðÿä ñëîâ ñàìîãî ïîâñåäíåâíîãî óïîòðåáëåíèÿ), ñòîëåòíÿÿ âîéíà, ðîñò áóðæóàçèè, ðåíåññàíñ, ðîñò ìîðñêîãî âëàäû÷åñòâà Àíãëèè, êîëîíèàëüíûå çàõâàòû, ðàçâèòèå òîðãîâëè è ïðîìûøëåííîñòè, íàóêè è ëèòåðàòóðû, ðîñò è ðàçâèòèå ñàìîñîçíàíèÿ ðàáî÷åãî êëàññà, ïåðâàÿ è âòîðàÿ ìèðîâàÿ âîéíû. |